Jurnal MedScientiae

Kontribusi Artificial Intelligent dalam Diagnostik dan Manajemen Penyakit Mata

Santi Anugrahsari — 2025-04-30

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has come a long way since its introduction in the 1950s. In the past few decades, especially with the advent of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), AI has been able to analyze complex data, learn independently, and have made a major impact on the medical field. Ophthalmology has been one of the major beneficiaries of this technology, thanks to its integration with digital techniques such as Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), fundus photography, and visual field testing. This study was conducted through a comprehensive literature review using major databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria included publications in the last five years that were relevant to innovations in AI-based diagnostics and management of eye diseases. A total of 25 journals were selected for analysis, providing insight into the current trends in AI applications for ophthalmology. We found that AI has provided efficiencies in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of eye diseases, as well as expanded access to healthcare through telemedicine. However, challenges such as data validation and algorithm standardization require attention. Through cross-disciplinary collaboration and further development, AI has the potential to revolutionize ophthalmology services to be more inclusive and affordable.

Peran Flavonoid sebagai Agen Imunomodulator: Potensi Terapeutik dan Mekanisme Aksi

Jasmine Harumi Sabini — 2025-04-30

Flavonoid merupakan kelompok senyawa polifenol yang banyak ditemukan dalam tanaman dan telah lama dikenal memiliki aktivitas biologis, termasuk sebagai antioksidan dan antiinflamasi. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, perhatian terhadap potensi flavonoid sebagai agen imunomodulator meningkat pesat. Artikel tinjauan ini bertujuan untuk merangkum dan mengevaluasi bukti-bukti ilmiah terkait peran flavonoid dalam modulasi sistem imun, baik bawaan maupun adaptif. Beberapa flavonoid, seperti apigenin, genistein, quercetin, dan naringenin, diketahui dapat menekan produksi sitokin proinflamasi, menghambat aktivasi makrofag, serta mempengaruhi diferensiasi subpopulasi sel T seperti Th1, Th2, Th17, dan Treg. Selain itu, beberapa flavonoid juga terbukti menghambat aktivasi inflammasom dan berpotensi mendorong polaritas makrofag ke arah fenotipe M1 atau M2 sesuai konteks patologis. Meskipun data preklinis menunjukkan hasil yang menjanjikan, tantangan seperti rendahnya bioavailabilitas masih menjadi hambatan utama dalam aplikasi terapeutik. Oleh karena itu, penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengoptimalkan potensi klinis flavonoid sebagai agen imunomodulator yang efektif dan aman.

Prevalence of Phoria and Tropia in Elementary School Age Children at SDN Duri Kepa 16 Pagi and SDN 17 PG in Duri Kepa Subdistrict, West Jakarta in 2024

cindy alfaranti gracelia lede — 2025-05-05

This study aims to determine the prevalence of phoria and tropia in elementary school-aged children at SDN Duri Kepa 16 Pagi and SDN 17 PG in Duri Kepa Village, West Jakarta. The research design used was quantitative descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 601 children were the subjects of this research. Data was collected using an occluder to detect phoria and Tropical disorders in children. The results showed that the prevalence of exotropia was 0.7% at long distances and 0.8% at near distances, and esotropia was 0.3% at long distances and near distances. The prevalence of orthophoria was found in 99% of children. This research provides recommendations that routine checks for visual impairment in children be carried out from an early age

Descriptive Study: Clinical and Histopathological Aspects of Ovarian Cyst in Tarakan Hospital Period 2020-2023

Putri jamilah — 2025-04-30

Ovarian cysts are a common gynecological condition that can be benign or malignant. Ovarian cysts are often asymptomatic, but can cause disruption of ovarian function and have the potential to develop into cancer. This study aims to determine the prevalence rate of ovarian cysts based on clinical and histopathological features at Tarakan District Hospital in the 2020-2023 period. This descriptive study used a cross-sectional design with data obtained from the anatomical pathology laboratory archives and medical records at Tarakan District Hospital. The research sample consisted of 427 subjects. The results of the study showed that the most common clinical picture was an enlarged abdominal lump (48.7%), the most common clinical diagnosis was ovarian cyst (25.5%), the most common histopathological diagnosis was endometriosis cyst (40.75%), and the most common age group was ≥19-<45 years old (52.7%). The analysis showed that the prevalence of ovarian cysts was highest in this age group, with endometriosis cysts as the most frequently found type based on anatomical pathology examination. Based on these results, it can be concluded that ovarian cysts most often occur at ages ≥19-<45 years with endometriosis cysts being the most common type.

Gambaran Klinis dan Histopatologi Karsinoma Prostat di Salah Satu RS Swasta Jakarta Barat Tahun 2021-2023

Firman Kevin Gratio Nainggolan — 2025-04-30

Background: Prostate carcinoma is a type of cancer that occurs in the prostate gland in men. Globally, in 2022, 14,2% of prostate cancer cases were recorded in the male population. In the Indonesian male population, there were 7,0% of prostate cancer cases. Objective: to determine the clinical and histopathological features of prostate carcinoma patients at one of Jakarta Barat private hospital in 2021–2023. Method: This study is a descriptive study with a retrospective approach at one of private hospital in West Jakarta. Determination of sample size using consecutive sampling technique with a sample size of 79 samples. Results: The most cases of carcinoma were recorded in 2021 with 35 samples (44,3%). In this study, there were 36 cases in the age range >70–80 years (45,6%). The most common clinical complaint was LUTS with 54 samples (68,4%). The most common sampling technique was TRUS-biopsy with 35 samples (44,3%). The results of histopathological examination were dominated by acinar adenocarcinoma with 72 samples (91,1%). A total of 27 samples were Gleason Class Group 5 (34,2%). Conclusion: The incidence of prostate carcinoma at one of Jakarta Barat private hospital in 2021-2023 was 79 samples with the most common complaint being LUTS. The most common incidents occurred in the age range of >70-80 years. The most frequently used method of sampling was TRUS-biopsy with acinar adenocarcinoma being the most common histopathological result found and Gleason Grade Group 5 dominating in this study.

The RELATIONSHIP OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND SLEEP QUALITY IN UKRIDA MEDICINE FACULTY STUDENTS, CLASS OF 2021

Jovian Christopher Sutanto — 2025-05-05

Good sleep quality is a crucial aspect of maintaining physical and mental health. This study aims to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and sleep quality among adolescents. The research employed a quantitative design with a purposive sampling method, involving 143 respondents. Nutritional status was measured using Body Mass Index (BMI) based on the Asia-Pacific standard, while sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data analysis was conducted using the chi-square test to examine the relationship between these variables. The results revealed a significant relationship between nutritional status and sleep quality among the respondents p=0,00 (p < 0.05). Adolescents with overweight status tended to have poorer sleep quality compared to those with normal nutritional status. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining optimal nutritional status to improve sleep quality in adolescents.

Keywords: nutritional status, sleep quality, adolescents, BMI, PSQI

Comparison of Weight Loss Efficacy in Gastric Bypass & Gastric Sleeve Patients at RS EMC Alam Sutera 2021-2023

Agnes Caitlyn Kapito — 2025-04-30

Background: Obesity is a growing global health issue. According to WHO data from 2022, one in eight people worldwide lives with obesity, and 21.8% of the adult population in Indonesia suffers from obesity. Bariatric surgery approaches, typically gastric sleeve and gastric bypass have become one of the options to address this problem. Objective: This study aims to compare the efficacy of weight loss in patients undergoing bariatric surgery at EMC Alam Sutera Hospital between 2021 and 2023. Methods: This research is an analytical descriptive study with a retrospective cohort approach. The sample size was determined using purposive sampling technique, with a total of 70 samples. Data were obtained from medical records at EMC Alam Sutera Hospital from 2021 to 2023. Results: Out of 70 patients with an average age of 37.1 years, 88.6% were female and 11.4% were male. No significant differences were found in the variables (p > 0.05). The average weight loss for both surgeries was 5.9 kg, with no statistically significant difference. A higher correlation was observed for gastric sleeve (0.996) compared to gastric bypass (0.985). Conclusion: It can be concluded that both gastric bypass and gastric sleeve are proven effective in reducing weight. Both methods show strong correlations, although gastric sleeve has a slightly higher correlation. There is no significant difference in effectiveness between the two methods, with p > 0.05 for all measured parameters.

Correlation of Nutritional Status and Fracture Risk in the Elderly Using FRAX Score at Manembo-nembo Hospital December 2024-January 2023

Praysi Alicia Ferliana Kalitouw — 2025-04-30

Fractures in the elderly, especially hip fractures, are a serious health problem because they increase the risk of disability and death. Nutritional status is thought to play a role in fracture risk, but the relationship between the two is still unclear. This study aims to determine the correlation between nutritional status and fracture risk using the FRAX Score. This study used a cross-sectional design with 55 elderly people as a sample, selected using total sampling. Nutritional status was measured using Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC), while fracture risk was assessed using FRAX Score. Spearman correlation analysis showed a weak negative correlation between nutritional status and the risk of major fracture (r = -0.227; p = 0.096) which was not significant, but there was a significant negative correlation with the risk of hip fracture (r = -0.390; p = 0.003), meaning that the lower the nutritional status, the higher the risk of hip fracture. The conclusion of this study shows that nutritional status is associated with the risk of hip fracture, but not with overall major fracture. Further research with more sensitive methods and larger sample sizes is needed to confirm these results.

Overview of Anemia Cases in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients at Karawang General Hospital in 2024

Karwili Dwi Cahya — 2025-04-30

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible condition characterized by a decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). One of the most common complications in CKD patients is anemia. Anemia is a condition in which the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin levels in the blood are below normal. The primary cause of anemia in CKD patients is the decreased production of erythropoietin (EPO), a hormone that stimulates red blood cell formation in the bone marrow. This study aims to describe the condition of anemia in CKD patients at RSUD Karawang from January to December 2024. This is a descriptive study with a retrospective approach and a cross-sectional design. Medical record data of patients were used as the research instrument. A total of 106 samples were taken. The results showed that 57 samples were male (53.8%), and the largest age group was 41–59 years (40.6%). Out of 106 samples, 85 samples (80.2%) had anemia, with 41 samples (38.7%) presenting severe anemia. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity in CKD patients, found in 53.8% of cases.

Patterns of Anemia Patients Admitted to UKRIDA Hospital in 2021-2023

Thiessa Gabriel Allotodang — 2025-04-30

Anemia is when hemoglobin levels fall below normal levels and are unable to provide oxygen to body tissues. Symptoms may include lethargy, fatigue, weakness, ringing in the ears, cold feet, shortness of breath, eye strain, and dyspepsia. Several processes, including decreased red blood cell production, increased red blood cell destruction, and blood loss, can cause anemia. The number of anemia cases in Indonesia ranks fifth in Southeast Asia. Three types of anemia are normocytic normochrome, microcytic hypochrome, and macrocytic. This study aims to determine the pattern of anemia patients hospitalized at UKRIDA Hospital in 2021-2023. This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. The results showed that anemia is more common in the 18-60 age group (60%), but quite a lot also occurs in geriatrics due to nutritional deficiencies and chronic diseases. Anemia was more common in women (80%). The majority of patients (93.8%) had comorbid diseases, with the most common conditions including type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Only 13.8% of patients underwent surgery while 61.5% of patients received blood transfusions. The most common type of anemia experienced was normocytic normochrome anemia.

Distribution Of Injury Patterns Of Deceased Victim In Traffic Accident Cases At Tangerang Regency Hospital In 2023

Cherine Zefanya Engkolan — 2025-04-30

A traffic accident is an event that occurs on a highway where a motor vehicle, rider pedestrian, or other user is involved in an impact or collision that causes physical damage, injury, and or death. Based on the Central Bureau of Statistics, traffic accidents that occurred in Indonesia in 2021 were 103,645 cases. The purpose of this study is to analyze the distribution of injury patterns experienced by traffic accident victims in Tangerang during the period of 2023. This study used descriptive retrospective method to identify the types of injury. The results showed that head injury (36,5%) was the most common type of injury, followed by upper extremity (25,7%). In addition, it was found that males were more frequently victimized than females, and the age group of 15-39 years had the highest prevalence of traffic accidents. This study provides important insights for authorities in designing traffic safety policies and improving emergency medical services.

Description of New Vitiligo Patients Profile at Tarakan Regional Hospital, Jakarta, 2023 Period

Irviani — 2025-04-30

Vitiligo caused by depigmentation process manifested as white macules and patches on body with prevalence about 0.5-2% of world populations and classified as non-segmental, segmental, and unclassifiable forms. The therapies include PUVA, NBUVB, topical corticosteroid, laser, and other topical therapies. Vitiligo patients of Tarakan Regional Hospital in 2022 were 9,199 and in 2023 were 10,385. This study was conducted to understand the description of new vitiligo patients profile at Tarakan Regional Hospital as comprehensive data to provide better therapy. The study design used descriptive retrospective study of new vitiligo patients at Tarakan Regional Hospital in 2023 with consecutive sampling from electronic medical record. New vitiligo patients at Tarakan Regional Hospital in 2023 were 105 patients. Majority was women total 58 patients (55.24%), largest age groups were 21-30 years old and 41-10 years old consist of 18 patients each group (17.14%), most frequent lesion is multiple in 98 patients (93.33%), most frequent location is face area of 67 patients (63.81%), most frequent type is vitiligo vulgaris in 87 patients (82.86%), and majority doesn’t have any comorbidities found in 92 patients (87.62%). The new vitiligo cases at Tarakan Regional Hospital in 2023 was 105, majority was women, multiple lesions, and vitiligo vulgaris.

The Prevalence Of Prism Effect In College Student Wearing Corrective Glasses At UKRIDA Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences 2023

Billy Gadi Kencana — 2025-04-30

Abstract

Prism effect occurs when light rays decentration from the optical center point. Prism effect without prescription is called unwanted prism. Purpose: This study aims to determine the prevalence of the prism effect in students who wear corrective glasses. Method: This study used a quantitative descriptive method with a cross-sectional design on 78 respondents. Data collection was carried out from September 2023 to October 2023. Results: In this study, 71.8% (56 people) of respondents were female. As many as 52.6% (41 people) of respondents used spherocylinder lenses. The resultant horizontal and vertical prism effects were highest in the 0.00–1.00∆D category, 70.5% (55 people) and 91% (71 people). The most resultant prism base directions at the Base In & Base Down directions as much as 38.5% (30 people). The horizontal prism effect is still within tolerance of 65.4% (51 people) and the vertical prism effect is still within tolerance of 70.5% (55 people). Conclusion: The prevalence of students experiencing the prism effect reached 93.4%. However, most of it within tolerance limits, horizontal 65.4% and vertical 70.5%. It is recommended for optometrists to prescribe glasses and ensure that the glasses have gone through the correct steps to avoid unwanted prism effects.