Nutmeg Oil Gel Preparation for Dandruff Treatment

Abstract

Dandruff (Pityriasis versicolor) is a superficial cutaneous fungal infection characterizes by
hypopigmented or hyperpigmented macules and patches, caused by Malassezia furfur, which has high
prevalence in tropical region. Nutmeg oil is one of the natural ingredients rich in chemicals that have
anti-fungal. While ketoconazole is an antifungal drug which effective in the treatment of dandruff
(Pityriasis versicolor) most often caused by Malassezia furfur. This study aims to determine the
effectiveness of the gel formulation nutmeg oil in inhibiting the growth of Malassezia fur fur. Gel
preparation were made using carbomer, with the formula F1, F2, F3, F4, dan F5, each using
0,5%,1%,2%,3%, dan 4% of nutmeg oil. Furthermore, Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) is used as a
medium for bacteria to breed, and riddled it with cork baurer then instilled 20ul nutmeg oil gel
formulation with a concentration of 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% and 2% ketoconazole in each hole.
Incubated in an incubator at a temperature of 37 o C for 24-48 hours. Then observing the M.furfur, and
measured its resistance zone using a caliper. Obtained zone of inhibition on Sabouraud dextrose agar
with nutmeg oil gel formulation of 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 2% ketoconazole. 3% ketoconazole
inhibition zone equal to 2% ketoconazole inhibition zone. Nutmeg oil gel formulation at a concentration of 3% has the same effectiveness with 2% ketoconazole in inhibiting the growth of
Malassezia furfur as the etiology of dandruff.