Gambaran Pola Bakteri dan Kepekaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Rawat Inap dengan Pneumonia di Rumah Sakit Paru dr. M. Goenawan Partowidigdo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36452/jkdoktmeditek.v27i2.1936Keywords:
pneumonia, pola bakteri, kepekaan antibiotikAbstract
Prevalensi pneumonia menurut Riset Kesehatan Dasar Indonesia pada tahun 2018 yaitu sebesar 2%. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) adalah patogen paling umum penyebab pneumonia. Penggunaan antibiotik yang berlebihan dan tidak tepat untuk terapi empiris sering menimbulkan resistensi antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola bakteri dan penggunaan antibiotik terhadap bakteri penyebab pneumonia. Studi dilakukan dengan pendekatan cross-sectional dengan metode deskriptif. Sampel penelitian adalah rekam medis dari pasien terdiagnosis pneumonia yang dirawat inap di Rumah Sakit Paru dr. M. Goenawan Partowidigdo selama periode Januari–Juni 2019. Sampel ditetapkan secara total population sampling, dimana sebanyak 74 orang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Didapatkan pola bakteri penyebab pneumonia didominasi oleh bakteri gram negatif. Dari hasil uji kepekaan antibiotik pada bakteri gram positif, didapatkan antibiotik yang memiliki tingkat sensitivitas di atas 70% adalah linezolid, nitrofurantoin, teicoplanin, dan vancomycin. Sedangkan, pada gram negatif adalah amikacin, gentamicin, imipenem, meropenem, dan piperacillin-tazobactam.
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