Belajar dari Rumah selama Pandemi COVID-19: Risiko Peningkatan Ledakan Kasus Miopia pada Anak Usia Sekolah

Carennia Paramita; Elcha Leonard

doi:10.36452/jkdoktmeditek.v27i2.2062

Authors

Carennia Paramita Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Arga Makmur, Bengkulu Utara, Indonesia
Elcha Leonard Rumah Sakit Umum Imanuel Sumba, Sumba Timur, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36452/jkdoktmeditek.v27i2.2062

Keywords:

anak usia sekolah, COVID-19, miopia

Abstract

Miopia adalah kelainan refraksi dengan prevalensi kasus tertinggi secara global terutama pada anak usia sekolah. Dalam jangka panjang, miopia dapat meningkatkan risiko gangguan visus permanen dan memengaruhi kualitas hidup anak di masa dewasa sehingga perlu mendapat perhatian khusus. Selama pandemi COVID-19, pemerintah telah menetapkan pembatasan kegiatan masyarakat, salah satunya dengan memberlakukan kebijakan belajar dari rumah bagi anak usia sekolah. Kegiatan belajar dari rumah tentu akan meningkatkan penggunaan gawai pada anak serta mengurangi pajanan anak terhadap sinar matahari alami sehingga berkaitan erat dengan peningkatan kasus miopia. Padahal, lamanya anak melakukan aktivitas di luar rumah berperan dalam membatasi pertambahan elongasi aksial bola mata dan perubahan miopia dalam refraksi. Sebaliknya, aktivitas jarak dekat serta paparan terhadap gawai secara intens dapat meningkatkan kondisi asthenopia dan berisiko menimbulkan ledakan kasus miopia. Masalah ini dapat menambah beban peningkatan kasus miopia terutama di masa pandemi COVID-19 yang belum dapat diketahui akhirnya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan langkah pencegahan miopia selama masa pandemi yang tepat dan efektif. Hal tersebut menjadi fokus pembahasan telaah pustaka ini. Para orang tua, guru, tenaga kesehatan, dan pemerintah harus bersama-sama mempromosikan gaya hidup sehat serta mewujudkan upaya pencegahan miopia pada anak usia sekolah.

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