Infark Miokard Perioperatif

Abstract

Abstrak

Kejadian infark miokard perioperatif/perioperative myocardial infarct (PMI) sering dijumpai pada pasien dengan faktor resiko jantung yang menjalani tindakan operasi. Pencegahan PMI menjadi sangat penting untuk memberikan hasil yang baik dari suatu operasi. Pada dasarnya patofisiologi terjadinya PMI dapat berupa suatu ruptur plak atau akibat ketidakseimbangan pasokan dan kebutuhan oksigen. Terapi untuk PMI ditujukan pada stabilisasi plak dan menjaga keseimbangan oksigen tersebut. Mendiagnosa suatu PMI memerlukan monitoring jantung, baik melalui perubahan EKG, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) maupun biomarker. Tinjauan pustaka ini berisi tentang mekanisme, diagnosis pilihan terapi sertatatalaksana dalam penanganan infark miokard perioperatif.

Kata kunci: Infark miokard perioperatif, terapi, monitoring, pencegahan

  

Abstract

Perioperative myocardial infarct (PMI) is a common event in patients with cardiac risk

factors undergoing surgery. Prevention of a PMI is very important in improving

postoperative outcome. Basically, there are two mechanisms of PMI, due to plaque rupture or oxygen supply-demand imbalance. Management of PMI is to address these two causes, which are plaque stabilization and maintaining the balance of oxygen supply-demand. Diagnosis of PMI however, needs a careful monitoring, either from recognizing the ECG changes, TEE or from the cardiac biomarkers. These report will discuss the mechanism, diagnosis, therapeutic options and management of perioperative myocardial infarct.

Key words: Perioperative myocardial infarct, therapy, monitoring, prevention