Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Bonggol Musa paradisiaca var. balbisiana Colla terhadap Diameter Zona Hambat Staphylococcus aureus

Alya  Azkya; Isfanda; Ratih Ayu Atika

doi:10.36452/jkdoktmeditek.v32i2.3990

Authors

Alya Azkya Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Abulyatama, Aceh Besar, Indonesia
Isfanda Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Abulyatama, Aceh Besar, Indonesia
Ratih Ayu Atika Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Abulyatama, Aceh Besar, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36452/jkdoktmeditek.v32i2.3990

Keywords:

Antibacterial, antibiotic resistance, disk diffusion

Abstract

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterium that causes various infections and has demonstrated increasing resistance to antibiotics, highlighting the need for alternative antibacterial agents from natural sources. The pseudostem of Musa paradisiaca var. balbisiana Colla contains flavonoids, tannins, and saponins with potential antibacterial properties. Studies evaluating the dose–response relationship of extracts from specific local sources remain limited. This study aimed to determine the effect of different concentrations of ethanolic extract of the pseudostem on the inhibition zone diameter of S. aureus. Methods: The ethanolic extract was tested at concentrations of 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, and 50% using the disk diffusion method. Vancomycin was used as the positive control and sterile distilled water as the negative control. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance with a significance level of p < 0.05, followed by a post hoc Duncan’s test. Results: The mean inhibition zone diameters were 7.48 mm, 9.18 mm, 10.12 mm, and 10.88 mm, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among all concentrations tested. Conclusion: The extract exhibited concentration-dependent antibacterial activity and shows potential as a natural antibacterial candidate, providing novelty through dose–response analysis and supporting further research development.

References

Fitri I, Susilowati DT, Rohmah IN. Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak bonggol pisang kepok (Musa paradisiaca Linn. var. kepok) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan IPA. 2021 Jan;3Jan(1)24-30. Avaible from: http://jurnal.stkippgritulungagung.ac.id/index.php/eduproxima

Howden BP, Giulieri SG, Wong Fok Lung T, et al. Staphylococcus aureus host interactions and adaptation. Nature Reviews Microbiology. 2023 Jun;21(6):380–395. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-023-00852-y

Linz M.S, Mattappallil A, Finkel, D., Parker D. Clinical impact of Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections. Antibiotics. 2023 Mar;12(3):1–27. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12030557

Mestrovic T, Robles Aguilar G, Swetschinski LR, et al. The Burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in the WHO European region in 2019: A Cross-country systematic analysis. Lancet Public Health. 2022 Nov;7(11):e897–e913. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00225-0

Hasanpour A.H, Sepidarkish M, Mollalo A, et al. The Global prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in residents of elderly care centers: A Systematic review and meta-analysis. Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control. 2023 Jan;12(4):1–11. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-023-01210-6

Salam MA, Al-Amin MY, Salam MT, et al. Antimicrobial resistance: A Growing serious threat for global public health. Healthcare. 2023 Jul;11(13):1–20. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11131946

Amir F, Ahmad J, Febrianti, Lamangantjo CJ, Sija P. Kajian etnobotani pisang liar (Musa acuminata) di kawasan pesisir teluk Tomini. BIOMA. 2025 Jan;7(1):78–88. Available from: https://ojs.unsulbar.ac.id/index.php/bioma/article/view/5280/2272

Agusta H, Ardiyani F, Arijanto SNT. Optimasi konsentrasi etanol dan waktu maserasi terhadap ekstrak flavonoid dalam bonggol pisang ambon (Musa acuminata Colla). Technology of Renewable Energy and Development: Seminar Nasional TREnD; 2021 Aug:11-18. Available from: https://jurnalftijayabaya.ac.id/index.php/TREnD/article/view/939.

Rosmania, Yuniar. Pengaruh waktu penyimpanan inokulum Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus pada suhu dingin terhadap jumlah sel bakteri di laboratorium mikrobiologi. Jurnal Penelitian Sains. 2021 Dec;23(3):117–124. Available from: https://doi.org/10.56064/jps.v23i3.624

Sayekti S, Farhan A, Shahibul Alan M. Resistance test antibacterial of neem extract (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) against Staphylococcus aureus with the disc diffusion method. Jurnal Insan Cendekia. 2023 Sep;10(3):220–226. Available from: https://doi.org/10.35874/jic.v10i3.1253

Yolandari S, Teheni MT, Wulandari M. Uji ekstrak etanol kulit nanas (Ananas comosus L.) sebagai antibakteri. Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Politeknik Baubau. 2022 Jan;1(1):1–5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.57151/jsika.v1i1.23

Ahadi GD, Zain NNLE The Simulation study of normality test using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Anderson-Darling, and Shapiro-Wilk. Eigen Mathematics Journal. 2023 Mar;6(1):11–19. Available from: https://doi.org/10.29303/emj.v6i1.131

Ganesh AS, Ankesh M, Reddy PVR, Goyal G, Thakur MS, Jain A. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Vigyan Varta an International E-Magazine for Science Enthusiast. 2024 Aug;5(8):110–112. Available from: http://www.vigyanvarta.com

Agbangba CE, Aide ES, Honfo H, Kakai RG. On the use of post-hoc tests in environmental and biological sciences: A Critical review. Heliyon. 2024 Jan;1-12. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25131

Susila Ningsih I, Chatri M, Advinda L, Violita. Senyawa aktif flavonoid yang terdapat pada tumbuhan. Jurnal Serambi Biologi. 2023 Aug;8(2):257-263. Available from: https://doi.org/10.24036/srmb.v8i2.206

Sunani S, Hendriani R. Classification and pharmacological activities of bioactive tannins. Indonesian Journal of Biological Pharmacy. 2023;3(2):130–136. Available from: https://doi.org/10.24198/ijbp.v3i2.44297.g21242

Anggraeni Putri P, Chatri M, Advinda L. Characteristics of saponin secondary metabolite compounds in plants. Jurnal Serambi Biologi. 2023;8(2):251-258.Available from: https://doi.org/10.24036/srmb.v8i2.207

Wenas,DM, Herdini, Wahidin, Irawan RP, Kamaliah DN. Uji antibakteri ekstrak bonggol dari beberapa varietas pisang terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sainstech Farma: Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian. 2020;13(2):66–72. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344348821_Antibacterial_Test_of_Corm_Extract_from_Several_Variety_of_Banana_against_Staphylococcus_aureus_and_Pseudomonas_aeruginosa

Hakim AR, Saputri R. Narrative review: Optimasi etanol sebagai pelarut senyawa flavonoid dan fenolik. Jurnal Surya Medika. 2020 Jan;6(1):177–180. Available from: https:doi.org/10.33084/jsm.v6i1.1641